In Chinese, we call Fabric as 布料(bù liào) or 面料(miàn liào).
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1. Natural Fibers 天然纤维 (Tiānrán Xiānwéi)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Cotton | 棉花 Miánhua | A soft natural fiber known for comfort, breathability, and versatility, commonly used in everyday clothing, shirts, and lightweight garments. |
| Organic Cotton | 有机棉 Yǒujī Mián | Cotton grown without synthetic chemicals, offering softness and reduced environmental impact compared to conventional cotton production. |
| Egyptian Cotton | 埃及棉 Āijí Mián | Long-staple cotton grown in Egypt, known for superior softness, shine, durability, and luxurious hand feel. |
| Pima Cotton | 皮马棉 Pímǎ Mián | Premium American-grown extra-long staple cotton providing exceptional softness, strength, and color retention. |
| Supima® Cotton | 苏皮马棉 Sūpímǎ Mián | Superior + Pima = Supima®. Supima is a trademarked brand of high-quality, American-grown Pima cotton, with certification ensuring it meets strict standards for 100% Extra-Long Staple (ELS) cotton, grown primarily in the Western US. |
| Linen | 亚麻 Yàmá | A strong natural fiber from flax plants offering excellent breathability, moisture-wicking, and a cool feel in hot climates. |
| Flax Fiber | 亚麻纤维 Yàmá Xiānwéi | Plant-based fiber known for strength and breathability, often used in summer garments requiring natural cooling. |
| Hemp | 大麻纤维 Dàmá Xiānwéi | Eco-friendly fiber offering durability, breathability, and natural antibacterial properties, commonly used in sustainable textiles. |
| Ramie | 苎麻 Zhùmá | A lustrous natural fiber known for strength and breathability, often blended to improve texture and comfort. |
| Wool | 羊毛 Yángmáo | A natural insulating fiber offering warmth, moisture management, and odor resistance, widely used in colder-weather garments. |
| Merino Wool | 美利奴羊毛 Měilìnú Yángmáo | Soft, fine wool providing excellent temperature regulation, comfort, and odor resistance for outdoor and performance apparel. |
| Cashmere | 羊绒 Yángróng or 开司米 Kāisīmǐ | Luxury fiber from cashmere goats offering exceptional softness, warmth, and lightweight comfort in premium garments. |
| Alpaca | 羊驼毛 Yángtuōmáo | Soft, warm, and hypoallergenic fiber known for durability and natural thermal regulation. |
| Mohair | 马海毛 Mǎhǎimáo or 安哥拉山羊毛 Āngélā Shānyángmáo | Long, silky fiber from Angora goats offering sheen, warmth, and resilience in sweaters and specialty garments. |
| Silk | 丝绸 Sīchóu | A natural protein fiber offering smoothness, sheen, breathability, and comfort, commonly used in luxury garments and linings. |
| Mulberry Silk | 桑蚕丝 Sāngcánsī | Premium silk produced by domesticated silkworms, known for uniformity, smooth texture, and high strength. |
| Tussah Silk | 柞蚕丝 Zuòcánsī | Wild silk with a slightly coarser texture and natural golden tone, offering durability and a rustic appearance. |
| Coconut Fiber | 椰棕纤维 Yēzōng Xiānwéi | Natural fiber from coconut husks, used for stiff structural textiles and certain sustainable applications. |
| Jute | 黄麻 Huángmá | Strong, coarse plant fiber commonly used for canvas, bags, and industrial textiles rather than apparel. |
| Kapok | 木棉 Mùmián | Lightweight natural fiber used as filling material thanks to its buoyancy and softness. |
| Bamboo Viscose | 竹纤维 Zhú Xiānwéi | Regenerated fiber from bamboo cellulose, providing softness, breathability, natural antibacterial properties, and moisture management. |
2. Synthetic Fibers 合成纤维 (Héchéng Xiānwéi)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Polyester | 涤纶 Dílún or 聚酯纤维 Jù zhǐ xiān wéi | A durable, wrinkle-resistant synthetic fiber offering quick-drying performance, widely used in apparel, sportswear, and outdoor fabrics. |
| Recycled Polyester | 再生涤纶 Zàishēng Dílún | Polyester made from recycled bottles or waste materials, offering similar durability while reducing environmental impact. |
| Nylon | 尼龙 Nílóng or 锦纶 Jǐnlún | A strong, abrasion-resistant fiber with excellent elasticity, commonly used in activewear, outerwear, and technical fabrics. |
| Nylon 6 | 尼龙6 Nílóng Liù | A versatile nylon fiber known for strength, elasticity, and good dyeability, used in outdoor and industrial textiles. |
| Nylon 66 | 尼龙66 Nílóng Liùliù | A high-strength, heat-resistant nylon variant commonly used in performance fabrics and demanding outdoor applications. |
| Recycled Nylon | 再生尼龙 Zàishēng Nílóng | Nylon regenerated from discarded fishing nets or waste materials, offering sustainability with similar performance to virgin nylon. |
| Spandex / Elastane | 氨纶 Ānlún | A highly elastic synthetic fiber providing stretch, recovery, and comfort, often blended into sportswear and fitted garments. |
| Lycra® | 莱卡 Láikǎ | A branded elastane known for superior stretch, comfort, and shape retention in activewear, underwear, and performance garments. |
| Acrylic | 腈纶 Jīnglún | A lightweight synthetic fiber resembling wool, offering warmth, softness, and good color retention in knitwear and sweaters. |
| Modacrylic | 改性腈纶 Gǎixìng Jīnglún | A flame-resistant acrylic blend used in protective clothing, faux fur, and specialty textile applications. |
| Polypropylene (PP) | 聚丙烯纤维 Jùbǐngxī Xiānwéi | A lightweight fiber offering excellent moisture management and quick-dry properties, often used in base layers. |
| Polyurethane (PU Fiber) | 聚氨酯纤维 Jù'ānzhǐ Xiānwéi | Flexible synthetic fiber used for stretch applications, coatings, and certain elastic fabrics. |
| Aramid | 芳纶 Fānglún | High-strength, heat-resistant fiber used in protective clothing, industrial fabrics, and military applications. |
| PVC Fiber | PVC纤维 PVC Xiānwéi | Synthetic fiber with water resistance and durability, mainly used in coated fabrics and industrial applications. |
| Polyethylene Fiber | 聚乙烯纤维 Jùyǐxī Xiānwéi | Lightweight fiber offering durability and chemical resistance, often used in nonwoven or technical fabrics. |
| Rayon | 人造丝 Rénzàosī or 粘胶纤维 Niánjiāo Xiānwéi | A semi-synthetic fiber made from cellulose, offering softness and breathability similar to natural fibers. |
| Microfiber | 超细纤维 Chāoxì Xiānwéi | Extremely fine synthetic fibers providing softness, absorbency, and smooth texture, widely used in performance wear and cleaning cloths. |
| Viscose / Rayon | 粘胶纤维 Niánjiāo Xiānwéi | A cellulose-based fiber offering soft hand feel, good drape, and breathability, often used in dresses and blouses. |
| Modal | 莫代尔 Mòdàier | Regenerated cellulose fiber known for softness, smoothness, and moisture-wicking properties, often blended with cotton for comfort. |
| Tencel / Lyocell | 莱赛尔 Láisàier | Sustainable fiber from wood pulp offering soft touch, smooth drape, and breathability with eco-friendly production process. |
| Acetate | 醋酸纤维 Cùsuān Xiānwéi | Semi-synthetic fiber with smooth texture and lustrous finish, commonly used in linings, dresses, and formal apparel. |
| Cuprammonium Rayon | 铜氨纤维 Tóng'ān Xiānwéi | Regenerated cellulose fiber with high sheen and soft hand feel, historically used in luxury and lightweight fabrics. |
3. Blended Fabrics 混纺面料 (Hùn fǎng Miànliào)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Poly-Cotton (TC) | 涤棉 Dímián | A polyester–cotton blend offering durability, breathability, and comfort, widely used in shirts, uniforms, and casual garments. |
| CVC (Chief Value Cotton) | 主成分棉 Zhǔchéngfèn Mián | Blend containing more cotton than polyester, providing comfort, softness, and breathability with reduced shrinkage and wrinkling. |
| Cotton-Spandex | 棉氨 Mián Ān | Cotton blended with elastane to enhance stretch, comfort, and shape retention in T-shirts, leggings, and everyday stretch garments. |
| Cotton-Polyester-Spandex | 棉涤氨 Mián Dí Ān | Versatile three-fiber blend offering softness, durability, and stretch, commonly used in activewear and fitted apparel. |
| Cotton-Modal | 棉莫代尔 Mián Mòdàier | Soft, breathable blend combining cotton’s comfort with Modal’s smooth feel and moisture management. |
| Cotton-Lyocell | 棉莱赛尔 Mián Láisaier | Breathable, sustainable blend offering softness, moisture absorption, and improved drape for high-quality shirts and casual wear. |
| Cotton-Bamboo | 棉竹纤维 Mián Zhúxiānwéi | Cotton blended with bamboo viscose to improve softness, antibacterial performance, and moisture absorption. |
| Cotton-Hemp | 棉麻 Mián Má | Natural blend providing breathability, strength, and texture, commonly used in summer garments and eco-friendly clothing. |
| Cotton-Linen | 棉亚麻 Mián Yàmá | Breathable blend combining cotton’s softness with linen’s cooling properties, ideal for warm-weather apparel. |
| Polyester-Spandex | 涤氨 Dí Ān | Stretchy, durable blend providing elasticity and recovery, commonly used in leggings, yoga wear, and sports tops. |
| Nylon-Spandex | 锦氨 Jǐn Ān | High-stretch blend with strength, breathability, and moisture management, widely used in swimwear and performance activewear. |
| Nylon-Polyester | 锦涤 Jǐn Dí | Durable, abrasion-resistant blend used in bags, outerwear, and technical fabrics requiring enhanced strength. |
| Tencel-Polyester | 天丝涤纶 Tiānsī Dílún | Blend balancing natural softness with improved durability and wrinkle resistance, suitable for casual and travel garments. |
| Viscose-Nylon | 黏胶尼龙 Niánjiāo Nílóng | Blend providing smooth drape, improved strength, and comfortable hand feel for dresses and lightweight tops. |
4. Knit Fabrics 针织面料 (Zhēnzhī Miànliào)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Single Jersey | 单面平纹 Dānmiàn Píngwén | Lightweight, stretchy knit with smooth face and soft back, commonly used in T-shirts and casual wear. |
| Double Jersey | 双面平纹 Shuāngmiàn Píngwén | Thicker, more stable knit with identical faces on both sides, offering durability and structure. |
| Rib Knit | 罗纹针织 Luówén Zhēnzhī | Textured knit with raised ribs providing elasticity, commonly used for cuffs, collars, and fitted garments. |
| Interlock | 双面针织 Shuāngmiàn Zhēnzhī | Smooth, dense knit fabric offering stability, softness, and good coverage for shirts and activewear. |
| Ponte / Ponte Roma | 罗马布 Luómǎ Bù | Stable double-knit fabric offering smooth structure, durability, and slight stretch, used in dresses and pants. |
| French Terry | 毛圈布 Máoquān Bù | Mid-weight knit with soft loops inside, providing moisture absorption and comfort for sweatshirts and joggers. |
| Fleece | 摇粒绒 Yáolìróng | Warm knit with brushed interior for insulation and softness, widely used in hoodies and outdoor mid-layers. |
| Polar Fleece | 抓绒 Zhuāróng | Lofted polyester knit offering warmth, breathability, and quick drying, suitable for jackets and cold-weather layers. |
| Sherpa Fleece | 羊羔绒 Yánggāo Róng | Inspired by the texture of sheep’s wool, Sherpa fleece is made from synthetic 100% polyester. Its fluffy, high-pile surface traps heat effectively. |
| Microfleece | 超细抓绒 Chāoxì Zhuāróng | Lightweight, soft fleece providing insulation and breathability in base layers and jackets. |
| Stretch Jersey | 弹力平纹 Tánlì Píngwén | Jersey blended with spandex for stretch and comfort, used in fitted tops and dresses. |
| Bamboo Jersey | 竹纤维平纹 Zhúxiānwéi Píngwén | Soft, breathable knit with natural antibacterial properties, ideal for underwear, T-shirts, and loungewear. |
| Modal Jersey | 莫代尔平纹 Mòdàier Píngwén | Smooth, silky jersey fabric offering excellent drape, softness, and moisture absorption. |
| Tencel Jersey | 天丝平纹 Tiānsī Píngwén | Sustainable knit with cool touch and breathability, often used in high-quality tops and activewear. |
| Mesh Fabric | 网眼布 Wǎngyǎn Bù | Open-structure knit offering ventilation and lightweight comfort, used in sportswear and lining fabrics. |
| Power Mesh | 强力网布 Qiánglì Wǎngbù | Supportive stretch mesh used in activewear panels, underwear, and compression garments. |
| Jacquard Knit | 提花针织 Tíhuā Zhēnzhī | Patterned knit created through complex knitting techniques, offering decorative textures and visual interest. |
| Sweater Knit | 毛衣针织 Máoyī Zhēnzhī | Soft knit used for sweaters, offering warmth, texture, and various patterns from lightweight to chunky gauges. |
| Waffle Knit | 华夫格 Huáfugé | Textured knit resembling a waffle pattern, offering breathability, stretch, and thermal insulation. |
| Compression Knit | 加压针织 Jiāyā Zhēnzhī | Tight, high-stretch knit providing muscle support, stability, and improved circulation in performance sportswear. |
5. Woven Fabrics 梭织面料 (Suōzhī Miànliào)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Plain Weave | 平纹 Píngwén | The simplest woven structure, providing durability and smooth texture, commonly used in shirts, dresses, and light apparel. |
| Twill | 斜纹 Xiéwén | Diagonal weave offering strength, drape, and visual texture, often used in denim, chinos, and outerwear. |
| Herringbone | 人字纹 Rénzì Wén | Variation of twill with a zigzag pattern, providing visual interest and durability in suits and jackets. |
| Houndstooth | 千鸟格 Qiāndiǎo Gé | Classic patterned twill weave resembling a dog's tooth, commonly used in tailored garments and fashion outerwear. |
| Satin | 缎纹 Duànwén | Smooth, lustrous fabric with glossy surface, often used in eveningwear, linings, and luxury garments. |
| Charmeuse | 缎面丝绸 Duànmiàn Sīchóu | Lightweight satin weave fabric with high sheen, offering soft drape and smooth texture for dresses and lingerie. |
| Poplin | 平纹细布 Píngwén Xìbù | Lightweight plain weave fabric with crisp texture, commonly used in shirts, uniforms, and casual wear. |
| Oxford | 牛津布 Niújīn Bù | Basket-weave structure offering durability and texture, widely used in dress shirts and outdoor gears. |
| Chambray | 绸布 Chóubù | Lightweight plain weave often dyed with colored warp threads, used in casual shirts and summer apparel. |
| Canvas | 帆布 Fānbù | Heavy-duty plain weave fabric offering strength and durability, commonly used in bags, shoes, and workwear. |
| Ripstop Fabric | 防撕裂布 Fáng Sīliè Bù | Reinforced weave with interwoven thicker threads to prevent tearing, widely used in outdoor and military fabrics. |
| Gabardine | 斜纹细布 Xiéwén Xìbù | Tight, durable twill weave with smooth finish, commonly used in suits, trousers, and coats. |
| Denim | 牛仔 Niúzǎi | Durable twill weave fabric usually made from cotton, traditionally used in jeans and casual wear. |
| Corduroy | 灯芯绒 Dēngxīn Róng | Cut-pile twill fabric forming distinctive ribs, providing texture, warmth, and durability in pants and jackets. |
| Flannel | 法兰绒 Fǎlán Róng | Soft, brushed woven fabric offering warmth and comfort, commonly used in shirts, pajamas, and winter apparel. |
| Hopsack | 麻纹布 Má Wén Bù | Loose twill or basket weave fabric offering texture and breathability, often used in suits and jackets. |
| Seersucker | 泡泡纱 Pào Pào Shā | Lightweight puckered fabric creating textured stripes for breathability and comfort in summer clothing. |
6. Outdoor & Technical Fabrics 户外及功能性面料 (Hùwài Jí Gōngnéng Xìng Miànliào)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Softshell | 软壳布 Ruǎn Kè Bù | Stretchy, wind-resistant, and water-repellent fabric used for jackets and outdoor layers. |
| Hardshell | 硬壳布 Yìng Kè Bù | Waterproof, windproof, and durable fabric used in rain jackets and technical outerwear. |
7. Waterproof & Protective Materials 防水及防护材料 (Fángshuǐ Jí Fánghù Cáiliào)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| PVC Coated Fabric | PVC涂层布 PVC Túcéng Bù | Waterproof synthetic fabric used in rainwear, tarpaulins, and protective coverings. |
| PU Coated Fabric | 聚氨酯涂层布 Jù'ānzhǐ Túcéng Bù | Lightweight waterproof fabric with flexibility, commonly used in jackets and rainwear. |
| TPU Laminate | 热塑性聚氨酯膜 Rè Sùxìng Jù'ānzhǐ Mó | Thin waterproof, breathable film laminated onto fabrics for outdoor technical garments. |
| Waterproof Breathable Membrane | 防水透气膜 Fángshuǐ Tòuqì Mó | Layer that blocks water while allowing moisture vapor to escape, used in high-performance outdoor gear. |
| Fire-Resistant Fabric | 阻燃面料 Zǔrán Miànliào | Specialized fabrics treated or inherently resistant to flames, used in protective clothing and uniforms. |
| Reflective Fabric | 反光面料 Fǎnguāng Miànliào | Fabric with reflective surfaces for safety applications, commonly used in workwear and outerwear. |
| Anti-Static Fabric | 防静电面料 Fáng Jìngdiàn Miànliào | Fabric treated to reduce static electricity, used in electronics, cleanroom, and industrial garments. |
8. Insulation Materials 保暖材料 (Bǎonuǎn Cáiliào)
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Down | 羽绒 Yǔróng | Natural insulating material from bird feathers, providing lightweight warmth and high loft for jackets and sleeping bags. |
| Goose Down | 鹅绒 É Róng | Premium down offering high warmth-to-weight ratio and compressibility for high-end outdoor insulation. |
| Duck Down | 鸭绒 Yā Róng | More common down type providing warmth, slightly heavier than goose down. |
| Synthetic Down | 合成羽绒 Héchéng Yǔróng | Man-made insulation designed to mimic down’s warmth while retaining performance when wet. |
| Polyester Fill | 涤纶填充物 Dílún Tiánchōng Wù | Lightweight, insulating polyester fibers used in jackets, sleeping bags, and quilts. |
9. Others
| English Name | 中文名 + Pinyin | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Velvet | 天鹅绒 Tiān'é Róng | Soft, luxurious fabric with dense pile, used in eveningwear, upholstery, and decorative garments. |
| Velour | 丝绒 Sīróng | Knitted fabric similar to velvet, offering stretch, softness, and sheen for casual wear and loungewear. |
| Satin | 缎子 Duànzi | Shiny, smooth-faced fabric with a lustrous surface, used in eveningwear and linings. |
| Organza | 欧根纱 Ōugēn Shā | Thin, crisp, transparent fabric used for overlays, eveningwear, and bridal gowns. |
| Chiffon | 雪纺 Xuěfǎng | Lightweight, sheer, flowing fabric used in dresses, scarves, and delicate apparel. |
| Lace | 蕾丝 Lěisī | Openwork decorative fabric made by looping, twisting, or knitting threads, often used in trims and garments. |
| Tulle | 薄纱 Bóshā | Fine net fabric used for overlays, tutus, veils, and decorative effects in garments. |
| Gauze | 纱布 Shābù | Lightweight, loosely woven fabric used in summer clothing, overlays, and medical textiles. |
| Jacquard | 提花布 Tíhuā Bù | Fabric with woven patterns created during weaving, used for decorative and high-end apparel. |
| Brocade | 锦缎 Jǐnduàn | Rich, patterned fabric with raised designs, often used in ceremonial or luxury garments. |
| Terry Cloth | 毛巾布 Máojīn Bù | Fabric with loops on one or both sides, used in towels, robes, and casual loungewear. |
| Faux Fur | 仿毛皮 Fǎng Máopí | Man-made fur imitating real fur, used for fashion, trims, and accessories. |
| Neoprene | 氯丁橡胶布 Lǜdīng Xiàngjiāo Bù | Synthetic rubber fabric with stretch and insulation, used in wetsuits, sportswear, and fashion garments. |
